SUMMARY WRITING

 Important points to remember:

1) Read the text or article carefully to understand the passage and to get general idea of the subject matter as well as the author’s attitude.

2) Then read through a second time to identify the main points. These are usually the first sentences of each paragraph. It is time saving and will help you to keep within your word limit.

3) 
Underlining: Underline the important ideas and essential points from the original text. Arrange the essential points in a logical sequence.

4) Use your own words, rather than the author’s words. Make essential notes to indicate the most important points. Choose only a few supporting details to illustrate similarity or contrast. The length of summary writing should be around one third of the original passage. Indirect speech should be used in summary writing.  If dialogue format is given, then you have to change it into narrative form.                                                                

5)  When you have written all your sentences, you should be able to get a good overview of the whole text. This overview can be your introduction to your summary. In your introduction, you’ll also need to give the author’s name and the title of the text you are summarising. 

6) Edit what you write. Check your English grammar, spelling and punctuation mistakes. All the adjectives and the adverbs can also be omitted in order to make a good summary. You should never omit the important points that are there and it should be included in precis. Summary should be written in past tense.

 7) Don’t copy the article. Instead, paraphrase. For example, “the author claims / states / suggests …”

8) What to Exclude:   

(i)  Any supporting information which is not absolutely essential to an understanding of the main idea.

(ii) Do not Repeat and don’t give Non-essential details.      

(iii) Don’t give your opinion or examples. Do not add any information which is not given in the extract. Do not alter the meaning or emphasis of what the author says. 


9) 
Clarity is basic and the essential need of a summary. The ideas should be clear and understandable. What the writer wants to tell, the reader should understand. Clarity in writing can be achieved by using simple language. If reader does not understand, then it is meaningless.

10) All the spellings should be correct 
because a single mistake in structure and spelling can spoil the message. There should not be any mistakes in grammar and punctuation.

11) 
A well written precis should be a substitute for the original work. It should be clear.

12) Summary should be there in one paragraph.

13) Give a title or heading. 


Example no.1. Friendship is all about doing things together. It may be helping friend by giving books, solving his doubts, giving financial help or going together for picnic. 

My friend Bipin was stubborn and even careless. He never use to listen to his parents or teachers. He was my school friend. I being scholar in the school, my notebooks was complete at any moments of time. He use to borrow from me. One day, he misplaced my book and couldn't return it. I wanted the book badly because I wanted to submit it to class teacher. 

I told him to search it and give my book. He searched in the classroom as well as in his friends bag also, but couldn't find it. He straight away went home without talking to me and searched whole house. He couldn't find it. When I went to his house, he told me to search with him. When I was searching, I came across the computer. And there my book was there behind CPU. He was relieved when he saw my book. I didn't told him anything but I smiled at him.  

Ans. 

Friendship

Friendship is all about helping and sharing a variety of experience. The narrator's friend Bipin was 
stubborn and careless friend. One day he borrowed notebook from narrator. However he did not return it to him the following day. He didn't remember where he had kept the notebook. Bipin told narrator to search the notebook in his house. Narrator found his notebook behind CPU. Bipin was relieved on seeing notebook and narrator smiled at him.


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